120 hr TEFL Course Module 2- Linguistics (Pt.11)

Module 2: Linguistic

What about the words that make up these clauses? The English language has innumerable rules for how words should be structured and organized within a sentence. The first categories you need to know to understand these rules, though, are the parts of speech.

• Noun: A noun is word that describes a person, place, thing, or idea.
• Verb: A verb describes an action or a state of being.
• Adjective: An adjective is a word that modifies a noun.
• Adverb: An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb.
• Preposition: A preposition is a word that describes the relationship between a verb and its object.
• Pronoun: A pronoun is a more general word that takes the place of a specific noun.
• Conjunction: A conjunction is a word that links two coordinating clauses together.

Now that we know the parts of speech, we can begin diagramming sentences. Here is an example of a sentence with all of the parts of speech labeled:

Lei quickly ran down the dark street to find and catch his dog.

Lei	Noun
quickly	Adverb
ran	Verb
down	Preposition
the	Adjective (article)
dark	Adjective
street	Noun
to	Preposition
find	Verb
and	Conjunction
catch	Verb
his	Pronoun
dog	Noun